منابع مشابه
Converting Biogas to Transportation Fuels
Concerns about depletion of fossil fuels and energy security have increased interest in renewable energy sources. Biogas, generated from anaerobic digestion of organic wastes, has a relatively low cost and is considered to be a renewable energy carrier. There is an increasing interest in converting biogas to “green” transportation fuels. This fact sheet discusses the technologies that are curre...
متن کاملBiodistillate Transportation Fuels 2. – Emissions Impacts
Diesel vehicles are significant sources of NOx and PM emissions, and to a lesser extent, emissions of CO, HC, and toxic species. For many years, biodiesel fuel (and blends of biodiesel) has been promoted as a “clean fuel” alternative to conventional diesel. Based upon previous reviews by EPA, a common understanding has arisen that biodiesel usage reduces CO, HC, and PM emissions significantly, ...
متن کاملBiodistillate Transportation Fuels 3 – Life Cycle Impacts
Life-cycle assessments (LCA) of biodistillate fuels are becoming increasingly important for policy decisions regarding alternative fuels. However, due to the dataintensive and assumptive nature of LCAs, rarely do two different studies produce comparable results. To add to the complexity, effects of indirect land use changes are now being incorporated into LCA models. This development is influen...
متن کاملBiodistillate Transportation Fuels 1. Production and Properties
Biodistillate transportation fuels include biodiesel (produced via transesterification of animal fats and vegetable oils) and renewable diesel (produced via catalytic hydroprocessing of the same feedstocks). Production and use of biodistillates are increasing dramatically, both in the U.S. and globally. This paper describes the policy drivers prompting growth of biodistillate fuels in the U.S.,...
متن کاملDeep Desulfurization of Transportation Fuels with Nanoreactions
Burning sulphur-laden transportation fuels results in misty and fuggy air of large cities. The combustion products of sulphur-laden fuels poison the exhaust conversion catalyst and invalidate the catalyst box. As results, the vehicle emission gets worse and worse no matter how advanced the auto technology is. Some sulphur compounds converted to sulphates after combustion and emitted into the at...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: AMBIO
سال: 2010
ISSN: 0044-7447,1654-7209
DOI: 10.1007/s13280-010-0062-z